HENOCH-SCHONLEIN PURPLE DIAGNOSIS BY RENAL BIOPSY: CASE REPORT
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Keywords
Iga vasculitis, Henoch-Schönlein purpura, iga deposits, kidney biopsy
Abstract
Henoch-Schönlein Purpura is an inflammatory disease characterized by deposits of immunoglobulin A (IgA) in the walls of blood vessels, producing a series of symptoms that mainly affect the skin, joints, gastrointestinal system and kidneys. The exact cause is not completely known, but it is believed that there is an autoimmune component as well as a genetic predisposition. It affects children more frequently than adults. Larger studies are required to evaluate the effectiveness of corticosteroids and possibly develop an approach that includes guidelines for symptomatic treatment, immunosuppression, and immunomodulation.
Objective: To present a clinical case of a patient with Henoch-Schonlein purpura diagnosed by renal biopsy.
Methodology: This paper is based on a case report, the discussion of which will be complemented by a selection of relevant literature on the subject. This selection will be carried out through scientific search platforms such as PubMed, Springer, Elsevier and Scopus. To refine and broaden the search, bibliographic descriptors, such as DeCs/MeSH, as well as Boolean operators, such as "NOT," "OR," and "AND," in English and Spanish, will be used. Articles published in the period between 2017 and 2023 that have access to the full text will be considered.
Results: We describe the case of a 59-year-old female patient who presented with respiratory distress, abdominal pain, purpura in the lower limbs, and headache. After diagnostic testing, significant findings were identified including hematuria, proteinuria, and the presence of IgA deposits with a granular and diffuse pattern on a renal biopsy. As a result of these findings, he was diagnosed with Henoch-Schönlein purpura, with a possible infectious origin related to pneumonitis.
Discussion: The indexed bibliography on the presumed etiological factors, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and therapeutic options is analyzed.
Conclusion: The presentation of a clinical case and exhaustive literature review on IgA vasculitis is of medical interest due to its impact on health. Early detection and proper management are crucial to address effectively, preventing kidney deterioration and improving the quality of life of those affected.
References
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María Belén Carrasco Jaramillo
Estudiante de la carrera de Medicina de la Universidad Católica de Cuenca
Dr. Andrés Santiago Bueno Castro
Docente Universidad Católica de Cuenca