ASSOCIATION BETWEEN THE ABO BLOOD GROUP AND COVID-19 SUSCEPTIBILITY IN INDIAN POPULATION: A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS
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Keywords
Covid-19, susceptibility, ABO blood group
Abstract
Background: COVID-19 was declared a global crisis by the WHO. Recent studies have reported variable susceptibility to COVID-19 infections based on blood group. There is a paucity of data on the Indian population regarding the relationship between COVID-19 positivity and blood grouping. The objective was to determine the association between blood groups and the prevalence of COVID-19 positivity.
Methodology: Data was reviewed on all patients who presented to Gurukrupa Hospital, Amravati from March 2020 to June 2021. A total of 772 subjects, between the age groups of 18-91 years were included in the study. COVID-19 positivity, ABO, and Rh typing were determined based on their health records in the institute. The association between COVID-19 positivity and blood group was studied using Chi-square test. The association between COVID-19 positivity and comorbidities such as diabetes and hypertension was evaluated using Chi-square test.
Result: In total, 772 patients were included, with the majority being male patients at 61.40%.Among, 772 patients, 150 patients (19.43 %) had diabetes mellitus, as well as 313 patients (40.54%) were found to have hypertension. Based on the analysis, A+, B+, and O+ blood groups showed a higher number of COVID-19 positive results. The incidence of COVID-19 positivity among individuals with hypertension was found to be 48.36%, whereas among those with Diabetes Mellitus, it was 22.64%.
Conclusion: The association between blood groups and COVID-19 infection is complex with multiple factors such as comorbidities, age, sex, and the distribution of blood groups in the population. The prevalence of COVID-19 is greater in hypertensive subjects.
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Dr. Sangita Kadu
Director at Department of Pathology, Gurukrupa Hospital and Pathology Lab, Amravati
Dr. Shreyak Kadu
Senior resident – 3 at Department of Cardiology, Topiwala Medical College, Mumbai
Dr. Aakriti Aggrawal
Assistant Professor at Department of Pathology, Topiwala Medical College, Mumbai
Dr Prafulla Kadu
HOD at Department of General Medicine, Rainbow Medical Institute of Medical Sciences, Amravati and Director at Gurukrupa Hospital and Pathology Lab, Amravati
Dr. Priya Kadu
MBBS, MD Dermatology from Grant Government Medical College and JJ Hospital, Amravati