EFFECT OF ADJUVANT ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID THERAPY ON IMPROVEMENT OF CLINICAL SYMPTOMS & TNF-Α LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA

Abstract

The newest adjuvant treatment concept is acetylsalicylic acid which contains anti-inflammatory properties and is proven with proper administration to provide physiological and psychological benefits. Most studies suggest administration acetylsalicylic acid reduces inflammation and clinical improvement of schizophrenia and research involving clinical trials is still very limited regarding administration acetylsalicylic acid on schizophrenic patients. This study is to determine the effect of adjuvant therapy of acetylsalicylic acid on the improvement of clinical symptoms and TNF-α serum levels in schizophrenic patients. This study uses Experimental Double Blind conducted at the South Sulawesi Provincial RSKD Indonesia in February-March 2023 and sample testing was carried out at the UNHAS RSPTN Research Laboratory.The research sample was schizophrenia patients undergoing hospitalization who received therapeutic doses of risperidone as many as 23 treatment people and 23 control people. Research subjects were measured by PANSS weeks 0, 4, & 8 then the treatment group received acetylsalicylic acid ½ tablet/12 hours/oral for 8 weeks, and the control group received a placebo ½ tablet/12 hours/oral for 8 weeks. And 2 measurements were carried out TNF-α with ELISA in both groups, namely at the beginning of week 0 and at the end of week 8. The results showed that decreased PANSS levels in the schizophrenia group after receiving antipsychotic doses of therapy with tablets acetylsalicylic acid greater decline compared to the group that did not receive acetylsalicylic acid (p<0.001). The percentage of clinical symptom improvement was calculated with the results of clinical symptom improvement from the percentage reduction in the PANSS score in the treatment group of  73.46% with the interpretation of clinical symptoms very much improvement, while in the control group, the percentage decrease in the PANSS score was 35.5% with the interpretation of clinical symptoms only moderate improvement. As well as decreased levels of TNF-α baseline in the treatment group of 95.09 ng/l to 60.52 ng/l after 8 weeks with a margin of 34.57 ng/l or 36,3% (p < 0.001) compared to the control group on TNF-α baseline from 97.00 ng/l to 87.82 ng/l with a margin of 9.18 ng/l or 9.46% (p < 0.001). The reduction in TNF-α levels that occurred was greater in the treatment group than in the control group (p<0.001). This indicates a significant improvement in the levels TNF-α treatment group compared to the control group. There was an effect of adjuvant therapy tablet acetylsalicylic acid who received risperidone in the schizophrenia group showed a greater decrease in serum TNF-α levels than those who were only given risperidone and there was an effect of Adjuvant therapy tablet Acetylsalicylic acid who received risperidone in the group of schizophrenic patients who showed a reduction in clinical symptoms were very much in schizophrenic sufferers than those who were only given risperidone.