THE INFLUENCE OF EIGHT WEEKS OF SHALLOW AND DEEP WATER EXERCISES ON THE STATIC AND DYNAMIC BALANCE OF SENIORS ORIGINAL SCIENTIFIC PAPER WATER EXERCISES AND THE STATIC AND DYNAMIC BALANCE
Main Article Content
Keywords
Therapeutic Exercise in Water, Elderly, Static and Dynamic Balance
Abstract
Background and aim: Physiological changes, such as muscular weakening and a rise in physical ailments, psychological and social challenges, and other difficulties become more common beyond age 60, making old age a particularly vulnerable time in a person's life. By studying the effects of various hydrotherapy techniques on the static and dynamic balance of the elderly, this study hopes to shed light on this question.
Methods: The present study employs a semi-experimental approach of applied research. 45 women and 45 men, all aged 60 and above, were randomly chosen for the research, and their results were compared to those of 30 controls of similar age and gender. After the completion of the pre-examination tests, all qualified people who were pre-tested were randomly divided into three groups, 15 each groups of water therapy exercises in the deep part of water (therapy exercises at a depth of 20.2 meters up to 50.2 meters). The second group of water therapy exercises is in the shallow part (therapy exercises in water at a depth of 1 meter to 130 meters). Finally, the third group was the control group.
References
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27. Kim Y, Vakula MN, Waller B, Bressel E: A systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the effect of aquatic and land exercise on dynamic balance in older adults. BMC Geriatr 2020, 20(1):302.
28. Gabriel DA, Kamen G, Frost G: Neural adaptations to resistive exercise: mechanisms and recommendations for training practices. Sports Med 2006, 36(2):133-149.
29. Bento PC, Lopes Mde F, Cebolla EC, Wolf R, Rodacki AL: Effects of Water-Based Training on Static and Dynamic Balance of Older Women. Rejuvenation Res 2015, 18(4):326-331.
30. Labata-Lezaun N, Rodríguez-Rodríguez S, López-de-Celis C, Rodríguez-Sanz J, Canet-Vintró M, G RO, González-Rueda V, Pérez-Bellmunt A: Effectiveness of Different Training Modalities on Static Balance in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Life (Basel) 2023, 13(5).
31. Bula A, Tatar K, Wysocka R, Chyrek K, Piejko L, Nawrat-Szołtysik A, Polak A: Effect of Physical Activity on Static and Dynamic Postural Balance in Women Treated for Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023, 20(4).
32. Zamanian F, Vesalinaseh M, Nourollahnajafabadi M, Asadysaravi S, Haghighi M: Comparison of the effects of aquatic exercise in shallow and deep water on Postural Control in elderly women with chronic knee Osteoarthritis. Life Science Journal 2012, 9:5768-5771.
2. Poncumhak P, Srithawong A, Duangsanjun W, Amput P: Comparison of the Ability of Static and Dynamic Balance Tests to Determine the Risk of Falls among Older Community-Dwelling Individuals. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2023, 8(2).
3. Mahoney JR, Cotton K, Verghese J: Multisensory Integration Predicts Balance and Falls in Older Adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2019, 74(9):1429-1435.
4. Vaishya R, Vaish A: Falls in Older Adults are Serious. Indian J Orthop 2020, 54(1):69-74.
5. Wojciechowska-Maszkowska B, Borzucka D: Characteristics of Standing Postural Control in Women under Additional Load. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020, 17(2).
6. Demura S-i, Kitabayashi T, Aoki H: Body-sway characteristics during a static upright posture in the elderly. Geriatrics & Gerontology International 2008, 8(3):188-197.
7. Han BI, Song HS, Kim JS: Vestibular rehabilitation therapy: review of indications, mechanisms, and key exercises. J Clin Neurol 2011, 7(4):184-196.
8. Gerards M, Marcellus R, Senden R, Poeze M, de Bie R, Meijer K, Lenssen A: The effect of perturbation-based balance training on balance control and fear of falling in older adults: a single-blind randomized controlled trial. BMC Geriatr 2023, 23(1):305.
9. Montero-Odasso M, van der Velde N, Martin FC, Petrovic M, Tan MP, Ryg J, Aguilar-Navarro S, Alexander NB, Becker C, Blain H, et al.: World guidelines for falls prevention and management for older adults: a global initiative. Age and Ageing 2022, 51(9):afac205.
10. Turner AJ, Chander H, Knight AC: Falls in Geriatric Populations and Hydrotherapy as an Intervention: A Brief Review. Geriatrics (Basel) 2018, 3(4).
11. McIntyre D: Aquatic Therapy and Pain in the Rehabilitation Patient. In: Comprehensive Pain Management in the Rehabilitation Patient. ed. Edited by Carayannopoulos Do MPHA. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2017: 347-355.
12. Vakilian A, Babaeipour H, Sahebozamani M, Mohammadipour F: The effect of aquatic training on static and semi-dynamic balance of patients with chronic ischemic stroke: A randomized clinical trial. Turk J Phys Med Rehabil 2021, 67(3):315-321.
13. Kim Y, Vakula MN, Waller B, Bressel E: A systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the effect of aquatic and land exercise on dynamic balance in older adults. BMC Geriatrics 2020, 20(1):302.
14. Rogers ME, Rogers NL, Takeshima N, Islam MM: Methods to assess and improve the physical parameters associated with fall risk in older adults. Prev Med 2003, 36(3):255-264.
15. Marjani F, Rahnama N, Etemadifar M, Shoaei M: Comparison of the Effect of Selected Exercises with TRX and Aerofitness on Balance and Proprioception in Patients with Multiple sclerosis. sjimu 2022, 30(1):42-54.
16. Esmailiyan M, Marandi SM, Darvishi M, Haghjooy Javanmard S, Amerizadeh A: The Effect of Eight Weeks of Aquatic Exercises on Muscle Strength in Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Case Study. Adv Biomed Res 2023, 12:87.
17. Peng MS, Wang R, Wang YZ, Chen CC, Wang J, Liu XC, Song G, Guo JB, Chen PJ, Wang XQ: Efficacy of Therapeutic Aquatic Exercise vs Physical Therapy Modalities for Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open 2022, 5(1):e2142069.
18. Ali KM, El Gammal ER, Eladl HM: Effect of Aqua Therapy Exercises on Postmastectomy Lymphedema: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial. Ann Rehabil Med 2021, 45(2):131-140.
19. Faíl LB, Marinho DA, Marques EA, Costa MJ, Santos CC, Marques MC, Izquierdo M, Neiva HP: Benefits of aquatic exercise in adults with and without chronic disease—A systematic review with meta-analysis. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports 2022, 32(3):465-486.
20. Punakallio A: Balance abilities of different-aged workers in physically demanding jobs. J Occup Rehabil 2003, 13(1):33-43.
21. Chan K, Phadke CP, Stremler D, Suter L, Pauley T, Ismail F, Boulias C: The effect of water-based exercises on balance in persons post-stroke: a randomized controlled trial. Top Stroke Rehabil 2017, 24(4):228-235.
22. Era P, Heikkinen E: Postural sway during standing and unexpected disturbance of balance in random samples of men of different ages. J Gerontol 1985, 40(3):287-295.
23. Lee HK, Kim HJ, Kim SB, Kang N: A Review and Meta-Analysis of Interactive Metronome Training: Positive Effects for Motor Functioning. Percept Mot Skills 2022, 129(5):1614-1634.
24. Lorenzo I, Serra-Prat M, Yébenes JC: The Role of Water Homeostasis in Muscle Function and Frailty: A Review. Nutrients 2019, 11(8).
25. Torres-Ronda L, Del Alcázar XS: The Properties of Water and their Applications for Training. J Hum Kinet 2014, 44:237-248.
26. Lutek K, Standen EM: Increasing Viscosity Helps Explain Locomotor Control in Swimming Polypterus senegalus. Integrative Organismal Biology 2021, 3(1).
27. Kim Y, Vakula MN, Waller B, Bressel E: A systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the effect of aquatic and land exercise on dynamic balance in older adults. BMC Geriatr 2020, 20(1):302.
28. Gabriel DA, Kamen G, Frost G: Neural adaptations to resistive exercise: mechanisms and recommendations for training practices. Sports Med 2006, 36(2):133-149.
29. Bento PC, Lopes Mde F, Cebolla EC, Wolf R, Rodacki AL: Effects of Water-Based Training on Static and Dynamic Balance of Older Women. Rejuvenation Res 2015, 18(4):326-331.
30. Labata-Lezaun N, Rodríguez-Rodríguez S, López-de-Celis C, Rodríguez-Sanz J, Canet-Vintró M, G RO, González-Rueda V, Pérez-Bellmunt A: Effectiveness of Different Training Modalities on Static Balance in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Life (Basel) 2023, 13(5).
31. Bula A, Tatar K, Wysocka R, Chyrek K, Piejko L, Nawrat-Szołtysik A, Polak A: Effect of Physical Activity on Static and Dynamic Postural Balance in Women Treated for Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023, 20(4).
32. Zamanian F, Vesalinaseh M, Nourollahnajafabadi M, Asadysaravi S, Haghighi M: Comparison of the effects of aquatic exercise in shallow and deep water on Postural Control in elderly women with chronic knee Osteoarthritis. Life Science Journal 2012, 9:5768-5771.
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Published
Jul 27, 2023
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How to Cite
Saif Saad Ahmed, Omar Saad Ahmed, & Rasha Talib Dheyab. (2023). THE INFLUENCE OF EIGHT WEEKS OF SHALLOW AND DEEP WATER EXERCISES ON THE STATIC AND DYNAMIC BALANCE OF SENIORS ORIGINAL SCIENTIFIC PAPER WATER EXERCISES AND THE STATIC AND DYNAMIC BALANCE. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 30(17), 473-481. https://doi.org/10.53555/jptcp.v30i17.2407
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Author Biographies
Saif Saad Ahmed
Department of Physical education and sports science index, University of Diyala. Iraq
Omar Saad Ahmed
Al-Turath University College, Department of Physical education and sports science index, Baghdad, Iraq
Rasha Talib Dheyab
Department of Physical education and sports science Index: Baqubah, Iraq-32001
How to Cite
Saif Saad Ahmed, Omar Saad Ahmed, & Rasha Talib Dheyab. (2023). THE INFLUENCE OF EIGHT WEEKS OF SHALLOW AND DEEP WATER EXERCISES ON THE STATIC AND DYNAMIC BALANCE OF SENIORS ORIGINAL SCIENTIFIC PAPER WATER EXERCISES AND THE STATIC AND DYNAMIC BALANCE. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 30(17), 473-481. https://doi.org/10.53555/jptcp.v30i17.2407