Bacteriological Profile of Sepsis and Their Antibiogram in Adult Patients in A Tertiary Care Center

Abstract

Bacteria causing sepsis show multi-drug resistance which increases the morbidity and mortality in sepsis patients. Antibiotic selection is an important determinant of multi-drug resistance. Material and Methods Patients with septicemia were included in a cross-sectional observational study for 2 years to analyze their bacteriological profile and antibiogram pattern.
Result: Total of 130 blood culture positive samples were included in the study. Out of 130 isolates, 73% were Gram-positive cocci and 26.9% were Gram negative bacilli, predominantly Gram-positive cocci were isolated in our study. Staphylococcus aureus 60% was most frequent isolate from blood culture, followed by 11.5% of coagulase negative Staphylococcus and only 1.5% isolates were Enterococcus spp. In Gram Negative isolates, most frequent isolate was klebsiella pneumoniae 10% followed by E. coli 8.4%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 4% and Acinetobacter species 5%. Staphylococcus aureus showed maximum susceptibility to Linezolid 85% and Vancomycin 76%. Out of 78 Staphylococcus aureus, 67% were MRSA. Klebsiella pneumoniae showed maximum susceptibility to Amikacin 92.3% and Cefoperazone 84.6%. Phenotypic tests for gram positive and gram negative organisms were performed such as MRSA, ESBL and MBL Out of 35 Gram negative organisms, 63% showed ESBL production and 60% organisms showed MBL production.
Conclusion: In this study, we aim to highlight the fact that Gram-positive organisms, particularly Staphylococcus aureus, are the most common cause of hospital-acquired septicaemia and are sensitive to Linezolid and Vancomycin. This suggests that these drugs may be effective as a treatment.