Assessment of Antimicrobial activity of novel zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized through coffee bean and xylitol formulation against oral pathogens
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Keywords
Zinc oxide nanoparticles, Coffee beans, Xylitol, antimicrobial
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to synthesize a novel zinc oxide nanoparticle from a formulation of coffee beans and xylitol and assess its antimicrobial activity against common oral pathogens.
Materials and Method: Antibacterial activity of the respective nanoparticles against the strain S.aureus, S.mutans and E. faecalis and C.albicans was carried out. The nanoparticles with different concentrations were loaded and the plates were incubated for 24 hours at 37 ° C. After the incubation time the zone of inhibition was measured to assess the antibacterial and antifungal activity.
Result: With the present study it can be deduced that with an increase in the testing concentration of the nanoparticle laced solution, it was observed that there was an increase in the zone of inhibition for the above-mentioned oral pathogens. This was not only observed for the gram positive bacterias tested, but also for the fungus- C.albicans.
Discussion: The action potential of ZnO NP could be majorly attributed to the production of ROS (i.e., OH• (hydroxyl radical) and O2−2 (peroxide)), which induces oxidative stress, cell membrane disruption, and DNA damage, resulting in the death of bacterial cells.Also the release of Zn2+ ions, which interact with the bacterial cell, especially the cell membrane, cytoplasm, and the nucleic acid, thereby disintegrating the cellular integrity and eventually resulting in the bacterial cell death. Direct interactions between zinc oxide nanoparticles and bacterial cell membranes through electrostatic forces can also be considered as a potential mode of action of the nanoparticles.
Conclusion: Therefore higher concentration of ZnO NPs can act as a versatile semiconductor photoconductive antimicrobial agent that can be easily employed as an antimicrobial agent in antibacterial creams, lotions, and ointments, mouthwashes, and paints, as well as a biofilm growth inhibitor in surface coatings.
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