Multilineage dysplasia as assessed by immunophenotype in acute myeloid leukaemia, a prognostic tool in the genetically undefined category

Abstract

Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a type of cancer in which abundance of abnormal blood cells is produced by bone marrow. In India, 1-2 persons per 100,000 people are affected by AML each year. The present research has been carried out on individuals who were suffering from AML and diagnosed with MLD using morphological, immunophenotypic, and molecular criteria. Samples were gathered from the Government Cancer hospitals’ Oncology departments in Bangalore, India. For the trial, a total of 300 participants were enrolled. The observed association with morphology confirmed the capacity of MFC-based approach to draw attention to dysplasia. Insight into the prognosis was limited when looking at MLD data evaluated by an immune-phenotypic score (IPS) either globally or within the narrowly defined genetic groupings. It's interesting to note that IPS-related dysplasia gave critical predictive information while focusing on the genetically undefinable patients who tested triple-negative for FLT3, NPM1, and CEBPA (TN-AML-MLD). While there is no significant correlation between IPS scores and age (p 0.09) or gender (male p 0.67 & female p 0.77), the dysplasia lineage was significantly higher in the absence of dysplastic characteristics (IPS_0), WBC (p 0.01), neutrophile (p 0.01), & platelet (p 0.04). In the ever-changing AML-MLD treatment environment, the influence of the IPS category preserved its validity and gave insight into the prediction of responses.