Biofilms formation and relationship to gene-producing biofilms in Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from clinical specimens
Main Article Content
Keywords
S. aureus; Biofilm genes; PCR technique.
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus found on human skin, in the nose, armpit, groin, and other areas. While these germs don’t always cause harm, they can make you sick under the right circumstances. S. aureus is the leading cause of skin and soft tissue infections, such as abscesses, boils, furuncles, and cellulitis (red, swollen, painful, warm skin). S. aureus can also cause more serious infections, such as pneumonia, bloodstream infections, endocarditis (infection of the inner lining of the heart chambers and heart valves), and bone and joint infections. The present study evaluated biofilm forming capacity and the presence of biofilm related genes (icaA, icaB, icaC, icaD, cna, atl, fnbA and fnbB) among S. aureus strains isolated from patients undergoing ureteral catheterization.
Different clinical specimens were collected from 253 patients. 137 isolates of S. aureus were identified by conventional microbiological methods, and isolates were tested for their capability to form biofilm using the microtiter plate assay (MTP) and Congo red agar (CRA). The existence of biofilm associated genes was determined by molecular technique. Relations among those methods were as a final point evaluated by statistical analysis.
One hundred and thirty-seven isolates of S. aureus were isolated and identified from 253 clinical specimens (54.15%). Out of the positive isolates, 100% were biofilm producers with MTP assay and 89% with CRA method. S. aureus isolates were further classified as high (21%), moderate (71%), weak (8%) and non–biofilm producers (0). All biofilm producing strains were positive for icaC, icaD and cna genes, except SA88 isolate which negative for these genes. There was a significant difference between MTP assay with CRA method for biofilm formation (p<0.0001).
Ninety six percent of biofilm forming S. aureus were possess icaC, icaD and cna genes, which indicate the important role of ica genes as virulence markers in S. aureus infections associated with urinary tract catheterization.
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