Evaluation Of Root Canal Cleanliness After Re-Root Canal Treatment Using Two Different File System: A Scanning Electron Microscopy Study

Main Article Content

Astha Bramhecha
Pradeep Solete
Ganesh Jeevanandan
Delphine Priscilla Antony S
Srujana Hemmanur
Adimulapu Hima Sandeep

Keywords

Gutta-percha removal, ProTaper Universal, Re-root canal treatment, Scanning electron microscopy, Solite RS3

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate the root canal cleanliness after root canal retreatment with ProTaper Universal and Solite RS rotary file system.
Materials and Methods: Twenty extracted single-rooted premolar teeth were selected. The root canals were enlarged with nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary files, filled with gutta-percha and sealer, and randomly divided into the two experimental groups. The filling materials were removed with either one of the following file systems: ProTaper Universal or Solite RS. No solvent was used for removal of gutta percha. Teeth were sectioned longitudinal and assessed under the microscope.
Results: Both instrumentation techniques left obturating material in the canal at apical, coronal and middle third. There was no significant difference in both groups in regards to canal cleanliness at all the three levels (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the findings of our in vitro study conducted on mandibular premolars with single roots, we can conclude that both instruments used in the study left filling material inside the root canal. The evaluation of the coronal, middle, and apical thirds did not reveal any significant variations in the remaining material between the instruments or the type of filling material.

Abstract 346 | PDF Downloads 238

References

1. Tabassum S, Khan FR. Failure of endodontic treatment: The usual suspects. Eur J Dent [Internet]. 2016 Jan-Mar;10(1):144–7. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1305-7456.175682
2. Kojima K, Inamoto K, Nagamatsu K, Hara A, Nakata K, Morita I, et al. Success rate of endodontic treatment of teeth with vital and nonvital pulps. A meta-analysis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod [Internet]. 2004 Jan;97(1):95–9. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tripleo.2003.07.006
3. Akbar I. Radiographic study of the problems and failures of endodontic treatment. Int J Health Sci [Internet]. 2015 Apr;9(2):111–8. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26309429
4. Stabholz A, Friedman S. Endodontic retreatment--case selection and technique. Part 2: Treatment planning for retreatment. J Endod [Internet]. 1988 Dec;14(12):607–14. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(88)80058-X
5. Ruddle CJ. Nonsurgical retreatment. J Endod [Internet]. 2004 Dec;30(12):827–45. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.don.0000145033.15701.2d
6. Hülsmann M, Bluhm V. Efficacy, cleaning ability and safety of different rotary NiTi instruments in root canal retreatment. Int Endod J [Internet]. 2004 Jul;37(7):468–76. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.2004.00823.x
7. Schirrmeister JF, Wrbas KT, Meyer KM, Altenburger MJ, Hellwig E. Efficacy of different rotary instruments for gutta-percha removal in root canal retreatment. J Endod [Internet]. 2006 May;32(5):469–72. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2005.10.052
8. Hülsmann M, Stotz S. Efficacy, cleaning ability and safety of different devices for gutta-percha removal in root canal retreatment. Int Endod J [Internet]. 1997 Jul;30(4):227–33. Available from: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1046/j.1365-2591.1997.00036.x
9. Krell KV, Neo J. The use of ultrasonic endodontic instrumentation in the re-treatment of a paste-filled endodontic tooth. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol [Internet]. 1985 Jul;60(1):100–2. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0030-4220(85)90222-1
10. Jeng HW, ElDeeb ME. Removal of hard paste fillings from the root canal by ultrasonic instrumentation. J Endod [Internet]. 1987 Jun;13(6):295–8. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(87)80047-X
11. Friedman S, Stabholz A, Tamse A. Endodontic retreatment—Case selection and technique. Part 3. Retreatment techniques. J Endod [Internet]. 1990 Nov 1;16(11):543–9. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0099239907802196
12. Friedman S, Mor C. The success of endodontic therapy--healing and functionality. J Calif Dent Assoc [Internet]. 2004 Jun;32(6):493–503. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15344440
13. Schirrmeister JF, Wrbas KT, Schneider FH, Altenburger MJ, Hellwig E. Effectiveness of a hand file and three nickel-titanium rotary instruments for removing gutta-percha in curved root canals during retreatment. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod [Internet]. 2006 Apr;101(4):542–7. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tripleo.2005.03.003
14. Friedman S, Moshonov J, Trope M. Efficacy of removing glass ionomer cement, zinc oxide eugenol, and epoxy resin sealers from retreated root canals. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol [Internet]. 1992 May;73(5):609–12. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0030-4220(92)90108-3
15. Betti LV, Bramante CM. Quantec SC rotary instruments versus hand files for gutta-percha removal in root canal retreatment. Int Endod J [Internet]. 2001 Oct;34(7):514–9. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2591.2001.00424.x
16. Imura N, Kato AS, Hata GI, Uemura M, Toda T, Weine F. A comparison of the relative efficacies of four hand and rotary instrumentation techniques during endodontic retreatment. Int Endod J [Internet]. 2000 Jul;33(4):361–6. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2591.2000.00320.x
17. Ferreira JJ, Rhodes JS, Ford TR. The efficacy of gutta-percha removal using ProFiles. Int Endod J [Internet]. 2001 Jun;34(4):267–74. Available from: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1046/j.1365-2591.2001.00379.x
18. Huang X, Ling J, Wei X, Gu L. Quantitative evaluation of debris extruded apically by using ProTaper Universal Tulsa rotary system in endodontic retreatment. J Endod [Internet]. 2007 Sep;33(9):1102–5. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2007.05.019
19. Poornima P, Krithikadatta J, Ponraj RR, Velmurugan N, Kishen A. Biofilm formation following chitosan-based varnish or chlorhexidine-fluoride varnish application in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment: a double blinded randomised controlled trial. BMC Oral Health [Internet]. 2021 Sep 23;21(1):465. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12903-021-01805-8
20. Murugesan A, Sivakumar A. Comparison of accuracy of mesiodistal tooth measurements made in conventional study models and digital models obtained from intraoral scan and desktop scan of study models. J Orthod [Internet]. 2020 Jun;47(2):149–55. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1465312520910755
21. Kurniawan A, Chusida A ’nisaa, Atika N, Gianosa TK, Solikhin MD, Margaretha MS, et al. The Applicable Dental Age Estimation Methods for Children and Adolescents in Indonesia. Int J Dent [Internet]. 2022 Feb 15;2022:6761476. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6761476
22. Jeevanandan G, Ravindran V, Subramanian EM, Kumar AS. Postoperative Pain with Hand, Reciprocating, and Rotary Instrumentation Techniques after Root Canal Preparation in Primary Molars: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent [Internet]. 2020 Jan-Feb;13(1):21–6. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1709
23. Paulraj J, Nagar P. Antimicrobial Efficacy of Triphala and Propolis-modified Glass Ionomer Cement: An In Vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent [Internet]. 2020 Sep-Oct;13(5):457–62. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1806
24. Sekar D, Murthykumar K, Ganapathy D. miR-206 and its mimics: A predictive biomarker and therapeutic molecule in the treatment of oral cancer. Oral Oncol [Internet]. 2022 May;128:105849. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2022.105849
25. Harsha L, Subramanian AK. Comparative Assessment of pH and Degree of Surface Roughness of Enamel When Etched with Five Commercially Available Etchants: An In Vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2022 Feb 1;23(2):181–5. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35748447
26. Hegde MN, Attavar SH, Shetty N, Hegde ND, Hegde NN. Saliva as a biomarker for dental caries: A systematic review. J Conserv Dent [Internet]. 2019 Jan-Feb;22(1):2–6. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/JCD.JCD_531_18
27. Ezzie E, Fleury A, Solomon E, Spears R, He J. Efficacy of retreatment techniques for a resin-based root canal obturation material. J Endod [Internet]. 2006 Apr;32(4):341–4. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2005.09.010
28. Só MVR, Saran C, Magro ML, Vier-Pelisser FV, Munhoz M. Efficacy of ProTaper retreatment system in root canals filled with gutta-percha and two endodontic sealers. J Endod [Internet]. 2008 Oct;34(10):1223–5. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2008.07.020
29. Somma F, Cammarota G, Plotino G, Grande NM, Pameijer CH. The effectiveness of manual and mechanical instrumentation for the retreatment of three different root canal filling materials. J Endod [Internet]. 2008 Apr;34(4):466–9. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2008.02.008
30. Cunha RS, De Martin AS, Barros PP, da Silva FM, Jacinto R de C, Bueno CE da S. In vitro evaluation of the cleansing working time and analysis of the amount of gutta-percha or Resilon remnants in the root canal walls after instrumentation for endodontic retreatment. J Endod [Internet]. 2007 Dec;33(12):1426–8. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2007.07.004
31. de Oliveira DP, Barbizam JVB, Trope M, Teixeira FB. Comparison between gutta-percha and resilon removal using two different techniques in endodontic retreatment. J Endod [Internet]. 2006 Apr;32(4):362–4. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2005.12.006
32. Marfisi K, Mercade M, Plotino G, Duran-Sindreu F, Bueno R, Roig M. Efficacy of three different rotary files to remove gutta-percha and Resilon from root canals. Int Endod J [Internet]. 2010 Nov;43(11):1022–8. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.2010.01758.x
33. Masiero AV, Barletta FB. Effectiveness of different techniques for removing gutta-percha during retreatment. Int Endod J [Internet]. 2005 Jan;38(1):2–7. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.2004.00878.x
34. de Carvalho Maciel AC, Zaccaro Scelza MF. Efficacy of automated versus hand instrumentation during root canal retreatment: an ex vivo study. Int Endod J [Internet]. 2006 Oct;39(10):779–84. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.2006.01148.x
35. Unal GC, Kaya BU, Taç AG, Keçeci AD. A comparison of the efficacy of conventional and new retreatment instruments to remove gutta-percha in curved root canals: an ex vivo study. Int Endod J [Internet]. 2009 Apr;42(4):344–50. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.2008.01518.x
36. Taşdemir T, Yildirim T, Celik D. Comparative study of removal of current endodontic fillings. J Endod [Internet]. 2008 Mar;34(3):326–9. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2007.12.022
37. Giuliani V, Cocchetti R, Pagavino G. Efficacy of ProTaper universal retreatment files in removing filling materials during root canal retreatment. J Endod [Internet]. 2008 Nov;34(11):1381–4. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2008.08.002
38. Hammad M, Qualtrough A, Silikas N. Three-dimensional evaluation of effectiveness of hand and rotary instrumentation for retreatment of canals filled with different materials. J Endod [Internet]. 2008 Nov;34(11):1370–3. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2008.07.024
39. Horvath SD, Altenburger MJ, Naumann M, Wolkewitz M, Schirrmeister JF. Cleanliness of dentinal tubules following gutta-percha removal with and without solvents: a scanning electron microscopic study. Int Endod J [Internet]. 2009 Nov;42(11):1032–8. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.2009.01616.x
40. Taşdemir T, Er K, Yildirim T. Efficacy of three rotary NiTi instruments in removing gutta‐percha from root canals. Int Endod J [Internet]. 2008; Available from: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-2591.2007.01335.x
41. Gu LS, Ling JQ, Wei X, Huang XY. Efficacy of ProTaper Universal rotary retreatment system for gutta-percha removal from root canals. Int Endod J [Internet]. 2008 Apr;41(4):288–95. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.2007.01350.x
42. Rhodes JS, Ford TR, Lynch JA, Liepins PJ, Curtis RV. Micro-computed tomography: a new tool for experimental endodontology. Int Endod J [Internet]. 1999 May;32(3):165–70. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2591.1999.00204.x
43. Saad AY, Al-Hadlaq SM, Al-Katheeri NH. Efficacy of two rotary NiTi instruments in the removal of Gutta-Percha during root canal retreatment. J Endod [Internet]. 2007 Jan;33(1):38–41. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2006.08.012
44. Arumugam P, George R, Jayaseelan VP. Aberrations of m6A regulators are associated with tumorigenesis and metastasis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Arch Oral Biol [Internet]. 2021 Feb;122:105030. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.105030
45. Balachander K, Paramasivam A. Cell-free mitochondrial DNA as a novel non-invasive biomarker for oral cancer. Oral Oncol [Internet]. 2022 Apr;127:105825. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2022.105825
46. Bijai LK, Muthukrishnan A. Potential role of fibroblast senescence in malignant transformation of oral submucous fibrosis. Oral Oncol [Internet]. 2022 Apr;127:105810. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2022.105810
47. Ezhilarasan D, Lakshmi T, Subha M, Deepak Nallasamy V, Raghunandhakumar S. The ambiguous role of sirtuins in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Dis [Internet]. 2022 Apr;28(3):559–67. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/odi.13798
48. Pandiar D, Ramani P, Krishnan RP, Monica K. Multifaceted multinucleated giant cells in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Oncol [Internet]. 2021 Oct;121:105400. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2021.105400
49. Sekar D. Circulatory microRNAs inhibition and its signaling pathways in the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Oral Oncol [Internet]. 2022 Mar;126:105763. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2022.105763
50. Murugesan A, Sivakumar A. Comparison of accuracy of mesiodistal tooth measurements made in conventional study models and digital models obtained from intraoral scan and desktop scan of study models. J Orthod [Internet]. 2020 Jun;47(2):149–55. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1465312520910755
51. Sekar D. The Role of microRNAs as a predictive biomarker and therapeutic molecule in the treatment of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorder (OPMD). Oral Oncol [Internet]. 2022 Apr;127:105786. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2022.1 05786
52. Jeevanandan G, Ravindran V, Subramanian EM, Kumar AS. Postoperative Pain with Hand, Reciprocating, and Rotary Instrumentation Techniques after Root Canal Preparation in Primary Molars: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent [Internet]. 2020 Jan-Feb;13(1):21–6. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1709
53. Preethy NA, Jeevanandan G, Govindaraju L, Subramanian E. Comparison of Shear Bond Strength of Three Commercially Available Esthetic Restorative Composite Materials: An Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent [Internet]. 2020 Nov-Dec;13(6):635–9. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1849
54. Govindaraju L, Jeevanandan G, Subramanian EMG. ABO blood grouping: A potential risk factor for early childhood caries - A cross-sectional study. Indian J Dent Res [Internet]. 2018 May-Jun;29(3):313–6. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijdr.IJDR_156_17
55. Wilcox LR. Endodontic retreatment: ultrasonics and chloroform as the final step in reinstrumentation. J Endod [Internet]. 1989 Mar;15(3):125–8. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(89)80133-5
56. Gergi R, Sabbagh C. Effectiveness of two nickel-titanium rotary instruments and a hand file for removing gutta-percha in severely curved root canals during retreatment: an ex vivo study. Int Endod J [Internet]. 2007 Jul;40(7):532–7. Available from: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-2591.2007.01254.x
57. Sekar D. Circulatory microRNAs inhibition and its signaling pathways in the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Oral Oncol [Internet]. 2022 Mar;126:105763. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2022.105763
58. Arumugam P, George R, Jayaseelan VP. Aberrations of m6A regulators are associated with tumorigenesis and metastasis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Arch Oral Biol [Internet]. 2021 Feb;122:105030. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.105030
59. Balachander K, Paramasivam A. Cell-free mitochondrial DNA as a novel non-invasive biomarker for oral cancer. Oral Oncol [Internet]. 2022 Apr;127:105825. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2022.105825
60. Bijai LK, Muthukrishnan A. Potential role of fibroblast senescence in malignant transformation of oral submucous fibrosis. Oral Oncol [Internet]. 2022 Apr;127:105810. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2022.105810
61. Ezhilarasan D, Lakshmi T, Subha M, Deepak Nallasamy V, Raghunandhakumar S. The ambiguous role of sirtuins in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Dis [Internet]. 2022 Apr;28(3):559–67. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/odi.13798
62. Pandiar D, Ramani P, Krishnan RP, Monica K. Multifaceted multinucleated giant cells in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Oncol [Internet]. 2021 Oct;121:105400. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2021.105400
63. Sekar D. The Role of microRNAs as a predictive biomarker and therapeutic molecule in the treatment of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorder (OPMD). Oral Oncol [Internet]. 2022 Apr;127:105786. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2022.105786
64. Preethy NA, Jeevanandan G, Govindaraju L, Subramanian E. Comparison of Shear Bond Strength of Three Commercially Available Esthetic Restorative Composite Materials: An Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent [Internet]. 2020 Nov-Dec;13(6):635–9. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1849

Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 > >>