Salivary oxidative stress level among tobacco chewers and smokers- A comparative Study
Main Article Content
Keywords
saliva, antioxidant stress, CAT, MDA, smokers, tobacco chewers
Abstract
Background: Tobacco in both smoke and smokeless forms contains various toxic contents which produce oxygen free radicals causing damage to the oral tissues. Since saliva encounters tobacco in both the forms it has antioxidant defence system and also can serve as a biomarker for oral diseases. Thus, this study aims to evaluate and compare the salivary SOD, GSH-Px, CAT and MDA levels among smokers and smokeless tobacco users.
Materials and Methods: Unstimulated saliva from 240 males who visited tobacco cessation clinics for the first time was collected. Standard protocol was followed to collect saliva and assess salivary antioxidants levels from each 80 participants with habit of smoking, smokeless tobacco uses and both. The collected data was statistically analysed.
Results: The mean salivary SOD and MDA levels were significantly high among the participants with the habit of smoking and chewing, followed by chewing and smoking respectively (p<0.05). There was significant high reduction in the GSH-Px and CAT in participants with both the habits compared to chewing and smoking alone (p<0.05). Pairwise comparisons also showed a significant difference in the mean salivary oxidative stress.
Conclusion: Both smoking and smokeless tobacco modifies salivary antioxidant activity. The estimation of salivary oxidative stress can serve as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for oral tissue damage and dysplasia. However, an awareness of an increase in the salivary oxidative stress needs to be directed to reduce the disease burden in near future.
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